Garlands' Legacy Revisited
Ο Red γεννήθηκε στο Τέξας το 1923 και παρόλο που η οικογένεια του δεν είχε κάποια σχέση με την μουσική , ο Red από μικρός επέδειξε ενδιαφέρον προς την Τέχνη αυτή και ξεκίνησε να σπουδάζει κλαρινέτο και άλτο σαξόφωνο μέχρι το 1940 που θα καθίσει στο πιάνο , όργανο που θα τον συνοδεύσει για το υπόλοιπο της ζωή του. Ο νεαρός Garland περνούσε ώρες ατέλειωτες μελετώντας πιάνο ενώ παράλληλα έπαιζε μποξ , άθλημα που ευτυχώς δεν έπληξε τα χέρια του που παρέμειναν πάντα σε καλή φόρμα και ευελιξία .
Η καριέρα του ως μποξέρ τέλειωσε σύντομα σε αντίθεση με την μουσική του που ανέτειλε στο υπόλοιπο της ζωής του.
Η τεχνική του στο πιάνο ήταν πρωτοποριακή με τα μαρμάρινα κοψίματα του στις συγχορδίες και τις λιτές μελωδικές του γραμμές , ένα παίξιμο χτισμένο σε τρεις νότες στο δεξί χέρι και τέσσερις στο αριστερό με το δεξί μία οκτάβα πάνω από το αριστερό ,μία τεχνική που υιοθετήθηκε κατά κόρον στην τζαζ μέχρι και σήμερα .Ο τρεμουλιαστός μοναδικός του τόνος και οι γυάλινες αυτοσχεδιαστικές του φράσεις αλλά και η μοναδική του ικανότητα στο σουίνγκ τον ανέδειξαν σε έναν από τους σημαντικότερους μποπ πιανίστες όλων των εποχών .
Μετά το τέλος του Δεύτερου παγκοσμίου πολέμου ο Red έπαιξε με τους Roy Eldridge , Coleman Hawkins , Charlie Parker και τον Lester Young ενώ εργάστηκε μεταξύ Βοστόνης , Φιλαδέλφειας και Νέας Υόρκης .Στα τέλη της δεκαετίας του ’40 περιόδευσε με τον Eddie Vinson στην μπάντα του οποίου έπαιζε και ο νεαρός John Coltrane. O Garland συνέχισε να αναπτύσσει την τεχνική του ενώ στις αρχές τις δεκαετίας του ’50 το στυλ του επηρεάστηκε από τον Ahmad Jamal και τον Walter Bishop. Η ευρεία αναγνώριση επήλθε με την είσοδο του το 1955 στο κλασσικό κουιντέτο του Miles Davis μαζί με τον John Coltrane , τον Philly Joe Jones και τον Paul Chambers και τις ηχογραφήσεις “Workin’”, “Steamin’”,”Cookin” και “Relaxin”.Η συνεισφορά του Red Garland στην επιτυχία των ηχογραφήσεων αυτών είναι καταλυτική .Στην θριαμβευτική μετάβαση του κουιντέτου στην Columbia ο Garland συμμετέχει στοv πρώτο δίσκο “Round Midnight” αλλά οι σχέσεις του με τον Jones αρχίζουν να μην είναι καλές και το 1958 θα απολυθεί από τον Miles αν και αργότερα θα συμμετάσχει στο επίσης κλασικό “Milestones” .Γενικά ένα κλίμα ασυμφωνίας δεν επέτρεψε την συνέχιση της συνεργασίας του με τον Miles Davis ..
To 1958 o Red Garland σχημάτισε το δικό του τρίο ενώ μουσικοί όπως οι Pepper Adams , Nat Adderley , Ray Barretto , Kenny Burrell , Eddie “Lockjaw” Davis , Jimmy Heath , Harold Land , Philly Joe Jones , Blue Mitchell , Ira Sullivan ,Leroy Vinnegar , John Coltrane και Donald Byrd έπαιξαν και ηχογράφησαν μαζί του .19 ηχογραφήσεις στην Prestige ως λήντερ και 25 συμμετοχές στον κατάλογο της Fantasy μας χαρίζουν μια πλήρη εικόνα της μουσικής του προσωπικότητας .Στην δεκαετία του ’60 ο Garland αποφάσισε να σταματήσει να παίζει επαγγελματικά σε μια περίοδο που το ροκ εντ ρολ είχε κυριεύσει τα πάντα .Η δεκαετία του ’70 τον βρίσκει στην πατρίδα του το Τέξας και δίπλα στις τελευταίες μέρες της μητέρας του .Μία υπέροχη ηχογράφηση του 1977 με τον τίτλο “Crossings” επαναφέρει τον Garland σε σχήμα με τον Philly Joe Jones ενώ το τρίο συμπληρώνει το μπάσο του Ron Carter .Ο Red συνέχισε να ηχογραφεί μέχρι τον θάνατο του από καρδιακή προσβολή το 1984.
Το χαλαρό σουίνγκ του , το κοφτό του παίξιμο και ο λυρισμός του θα μείνουν για πάντα στις καρδιές των φίλων της τζαζ .
By Joel Simpson
Who was Red Garland?
Largely self-taught, Red Garland established a reputation as a solid post-bop mainstream player in the 50s, playing with many of the most famous jazz musicians of the time. He achieved international fame in the late 50s as part of the Miles Davis quintet. He went on to lead his own groups, but then retired in 1968, a victim the declining demand for jazz. He reemerged in 1976 and performed regularly until his death in 1984.
Garland was known for his eloquent middle-of-the-road style. A fertile, often moving improvisor, he developed a characteristic block chord sound by combining octaves with a fifth in the middle in the right hand over left-hand comp (accompanying) chords. The style has been much imitated.
Origins
William M. "Red" Garland was born March 13, 1923, in Dallas, Texas. He came from a non-musical family: his father was an elevator operator at the First National Bank. His first instrument was clarinet and studied alto saxophone with Buster Smith, a well-known Texas saxophonist, who was a strong influence on Charlie Parker. Garland only started on piano in 1941, when he was 18, and in the Army. Stationed at Fort Huachuca, Arizona, he heard a pianist named John Lewis play night after night in the recreation room-this was not the famous John Lewis of the Modern Jazz Quartet. Finally giving in to his fascination with the instrument, Garland asked the pianist to teach him. Since he had learned to read music under Buster Smith he didn't have to start from zero. Garland his entire days practicing and made rapid progress. At that time he was also a semi-professional prizefighter, a welterweight, and once lost to Sugar Ray Robinson. There was a time when he had to decide whether to follow boxing or music as a career, and although he chose music, he was left with a broken knuckle as a souvenir of his road not taken.
Garland also studied with another Army pianist, Lee Barnes. By the time Garland left the service, he was learning on his own from recordings. His main influences at that time were Count Basie and Nat Cole, from whom he drew lessons in touch, phrasing and conception. He also learned from James P. Johnson, Luckey Roberts, Teddy Wilson, Bud Powell and Art Tatum. Tatum was his favorite, and he knew he cold never play like he could.
Professional Debut
In 1945 Garland played his first gig on piano with Fort Worth tenor player Bill Blocker. It was less than five years after he had begun studying piano. Then traditional jazz trumpeter Oran "Hot Lips" Page came through town. Word spread around that Page's pianist had quit and he was looking for a new one. Garland had intended to attend the dance Page was playing at anyway, so after his gig he stopped by. Four pianists, including Garland, played for Page that night, right out of Page's book of arrangements. Garland went home to bed after the dance and thought no more about it.
Then at about five in the morning there was a loud knocking at the door. Garland's mother thought it had to be the police and suspected her son of having done something wrong. But it was Page and Garland's old teacher Buster Smith.
"You're the guy who sat in with me tonight?" Page said. "Well, I need you, man. Come on, throw somethin' in a bag and let's go."
Garland refused at first, thinking he wasn't ready, but Page and Smith talked him into it. Garland was on the road. He enjoyed working with Page, admiring his strength and versatility. He stayed with Page for several months until the tour ended in New York. There Garland decided to look for work, and found it in small clubs. Art Blakey heard him and recommended him to singer/bandleader Billy Eckstine, who was always looking for cutting edge musicians for his big band. At various times he employed Dizzy Gillespie, Charlie Parker, Fats Navarro, Dexter Gordon, Gene Ammons, Stonny Stitt and Miles Davis. Eckstine accepted Blakey's recommendation, and Garland was hired, touring on Eckstine's bus for six weeks. It turned out to be a new chapter in his musical education.
Survival in the Big Time
Back in New York, Garland concluded his stay in Eckstine's band to join with tenorman Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis playing in a variety of clubs and with a variety of bands. One night, while playing at Minton's Bud Powell came in and insisted Garland yield the piano bench to him. When Powell played, Garland was so overwhelmed he gave him the gig. But then he started visiting Powell frequently at his home and learning from him. They became friends, and Powell became Garland's most important influence-after Art Tatum, whom Garland put in the superhuman category. He received some coaching from Tatum too. One night at Luckey's Rendezvous, a piano-only club owned by Luckey Roberts, Tatum told him to stop forcing the piano, to let it "play itself" and gave him some arpeggios to work on.
In 1947 Garland began a two-year stint at the Blue Note club in Philadelphia, the main venue for modern jazz in that city. While playing in the house rhythm section there he accompanied Charlie Parker, Miles Davis, Fats Navarro, Bill Harris, Flip Phillips, Charlie Ventura and Bennie Green. In 1949 jazz legends tenor saxophonist Coleman Hawkins and trumpeter Roy Eldridge hired him for their band. This turned out to be the key group for Garland, since after that word began to spread that he was an exceptional player. Lester Young and the Ben Webster hired him, and soon he was receiving more calls from famous players than he could handle.
In Demand-Miles Calls
By the early 50s Garland's reputation with the public was strong enough for him to get work as leader of a trio. Then in 1953 he received his first call from Miles Davis, who was trying to form a group of his own for the first time. Davis didn't succeed that time, so Garland stayed with his trio and with Lester Young. Garland made one recording session with Davis and drummer Philly Joe Jones in mid-1955, while still with Young.
Finally, in October of 1955 Davis called Garland again and said he was ready to form a quintet. He had originally planned to include Sonny Rollins and Max Roach, but they now had other commitments. Garland suggested Philly Joe Jones on drums and a young tenor player who was based at the time in Philadelphia: John Coltrane. Miles already knew of him, since Coltrane had been working with Dizzy Gillespie and Johnny Hodges. Miles added Paul Chambers on bass. The group opened at Anchor's Inn in Baltimore.
It was a perfectly balanced rhythm section, with Garland tending to play conservatively, acting as anchor for the extravagant centrifugal playing styles of Coltrane, Jones Davis and Chambers. He stayed with Davis until 1958, when according to Davis, Garland got at mad at Davis when Davis was trying to direct him during a recording session with Cannonball Adderley. After that, Davis's music went in a more modal direction, and he replaced Garland with Bill Evans.
Garland never got into modal jazz. He stayed playing primarily standards, show tunes and blues with occasional jazz tunes from the bebop era. He didn't like the direction Miles or Coltrane went in after he left Miles's band.
Retirement and After
Garland continued leading his own trio, but the jazz scene was contracting, and he didn't feel up to fighting against the times. So in 1968 when his mother died, he returned to Dallas, where he retired from performing until 1976. Then he began playing locally in Dallas at a club called, appropriately enough, the Recovery Room. In 1978 he made a comeback at the more nationally visible Keystone Corner in San Francisco, his first gig outside Dallas in 15 years. He had been sheperded out of retirement by the famous producer Orin Keepnews.
Garland continued a modest performing schedule up until his death by heart attack at age 60, April 23, 1984. Style Red Garland became widely known for his distinctive block chord approach to melody playing, which has been widely imitated. In a block chord style, both hands sound on every note of the melody. There is no separation between right melody and left hand comping (accompanying). It is a device which produces a lot of sound out of the piano, so is ideally suited as the climax of a solo. Other pianists known for their block chords include George Shearing, whose block chords span an octave with the melody on top and bottom, and Bill Evans, who tended to drop the second note from the top of Shearing's formation down one octave, spreading out the voicing into what became known as the "drop 2" technique.
Garland's block chords are at the same time easier to execute and produce more sound out of the piano, although they lack the harmonic subtlety of Evans' approach. In Garland's style the right hand plays octaves and fifths over standard modern jazz voicings in the left, with both hands sounding on every note of the melody. Garland maintained an absolute paralellism of his perfect fifth above the bottom melody note, and the resulting dissonances (the fifth above the seventh is the #4) came to characterize his style. Although this was the most characteristic thing Garland played, it certainly wasn't the only thing.
His impeccable rhythm fueled perfect single-note melodic lines. In particular he was a master at extracting a special poignancy from minor blues. An economical player who chose his notes wisely, he was also an adept at spontaneous counterpoint, and he knew how to build a tune slowly, to draw the audience in gradually.
New York Times critic Robert Palmer described his playing in a 1979 review:
One often gets the impression that he is playing in perspective, furnishing foreground, middle and background as a painter might. A prominent phrase in the piano's middle register s answered by a distant tinkling , and suddenly everything is overwhelmed by a series of hammered ascending chords. A perfect little exercise in counterpoint suddenly emerges from the bridge of a popular song, continues without seeming to heed the transition back to the main verse, and modestly resolved itself in its own sweet time. One could listen to this sort of playing all night, and perhaps one should.
Bibliography
Ramsey, Doug. "Seeing Red." TEXAS MONTHLY, Jan. (?), 1976.
Lyons, Len. THE GREAT JAZZ PIANISTS New York: Quill, 1983.
Kernfield, Barry. THE NEW GROVE DICTIONARY OF JAZZ. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1994. "Red Garland" by Bill Dobbins, 418.
Carles, Philippe, Andre Clergeat and Jean-Louis Comolli. DICTIONNAIRE DU JAZZ. Paris.
Robert Laffont, 1988. "Red Garland" by Jean-Yves Le Bec, 367.
Palmer, Robert. "Jazz: Red Garland Group." NEW YORK TIMES, Sept. 20, 1979.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
JAZZ PORTRAIT : STEVE WILSON
"a complete lyricist and adventurer as an improviser... He interprets my compositions as I would have myself if I played his horn"_Chick Corea
Ο σαξοφωνίστας Steve Wilson παίζει πάντα με μία θαυμαστή ωριμότητα αν και αρκετά νέος για τα τζαζ δεδομένα και είναι αδύνατον να μη αναγνωρίσει κανείς στο ρευστό του παίξιμο το μοναδικό του ταλέντο .Πιο γνωστός από την συμμετοχή του στους Origins του Chick Corea αλλά και άλλα γνωστά τζαζ μουσικά σύνολα στα οποία πέτυχε να βρεθεί ύστερα από χρόνια σκληρής δουλειάς και σπουδής .Εκλήθη και είχε την τύχη να παίξει με σπουδαίους μουσικούς όπως οι Jon Hendricks, Ellis Marsalis , Don Byron , The Mingus Big Band , Frank Foster και άλλους ενώ στις αρχές της δεκαετίας του ’90 ξεκίνησε να ηχογραφεί τα προσωπικά του άλμπουμ στην Criss Cross , εταιρεία σταθμός για τους περισσότερους mainstream jazz μουσικούς της γενιάς του .Οι θετικές κριτικές ήρθαν γρήγορα και έδωσαν ώθηση στον Steve που με χαρά υποδέχθηκε την επιλογή του στην ψηφοφορία των κριτικών του Downbeat ως ταλέντο που αξίζει πλατύτερη αναγνώριση στις κατηγορίες σοπράνο και άλτο σαξόφωνο. Δύο άλμπουμς που ήρθαν και λάμπρυναν την καριέρα του ακόμη περισσότερο ήταν το “Adama” (1998) του Avishai Cohen ,ένα άλμπουμ που το σχήμα εξερευνά με θαυμαστά αποτελέσματα την μουσική της Μέσης Ανατολής και το δικό του άλμπουμ στην Concord “Generations” με θαυμαστούς guests τους Ben Riley , Ray Drummond και Mulgrew Miller .Το επόμενο άλμπουμ ήταν το “Passages” που κινείται στα ίδια υψηλά επίπεδα αναδεικνύοντας και το συνθετικό του ταλέντο .To 2003 κυκλοφόρησε από την Max Jazz το “Soulful Song” και το 2007 το άλμπουμ Sideshows and Fairytales .Παράλληλα κοσμεί με την συμμετοχή του την ορχήστρα της Maria Schneider ενώ διδάσκει και στο Manhattan School of Music . Ο Steve Wilson είναι ένα από τα σπουδαιότερα ταλέντα που ανέδειξε η Νέα Υόρκη και ένας σαξοφωνίστας που από τον Johnny Hodges και τον Coltrane οδηγεί το σαξόφωνο σε νέους περιπετειώδεις δρόμους .
“I'd like to have two or three different groups that I can play with because I like different directions in music. At some point, I want to try some more experimental type of things with different configurations of ensembles. But it is a tricky balance, because I pretty much cut my career on trying to learn how to be a great sideman. That's been invaluable. It's taught me a lot about how to be a leader, which I think is missing a lot these days from the scene ... But I am trying to scale back sideman activity to a premium so that I can concentrate on some of my own projects now. “_Steve Wilson
Selected Discography
Maria Schneider, Sky Blue (ArtistShare, 2007)
Steve Wilson, Soulful Song (MaxJazz, 2003)
Steve Wilson, Passages (Stretch, 2000)
Steve Wilson, Generations (Stretch, 1998)
Chick Corea & Origin, Origin (Concord, 1998)
Chick Corea Chick Corea & Origin - Live at the Blue Note (Stretch, 1997)
Avishai Cohen, Adama (Concord, 1997)
Steve Wilson, Four for Time (Criss Cross, 1996)
Steve Wilson, Step Lively (Criss Cross, 1995)
Steve Wilson, Blues For Marcus (Criss Cross, 1993)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
JAZZNOTES
- Ο Bo Diddley Ενας από τους πρωτοπόρους του ροκ εντ ρολ που επηρέασε καίρια τις επόμενες γενιές με το ιδιαίτερο ρυθμικό του στυλ και τον τρόπο που έπαιζε την ηλεκτρική κιθάρα έφυγε από την ζωή σε ήλικία 79 ετών
Μία ακόμη μεγάλη απώλεια είχαμε τον μήνα Μάιο . Ο θρύλος του Hammond B3 , Jimmy McGriff από την Φιλαδέλφια έφυγε από κοντά μας σε ηλικία 72 ετών , αφήντας μία πλούσια κληρονομιά ηχογραφήσεων που χαρακτηρίζονται κυρίως από το μπλούζι στυλ του - Ίσως ο πιο μπλούζι οργανίστας της γενιάς του '60 και του '70.
Μια υπέροχη προσθήκη στον εξαιρετικό κατάλογο ηχογραφήσεων του θρυλικού Gene Harris μας προσφέρει η εταιρεία Resonance Records ως ντεμπούτο στην σειρά της Heirloom Series , την live ηχογράφηση Gene Harris : The Quartet Live In London .
Μια υπέροχη προσθήκη στον εξαιρετικό κατάλογο ηχογραφήσεων του θρυλικού Gene Harris μας προσφέρει η εταιρεία Resonance Records ως ντεμπούτο στην σειρά της Heirloom Series , την live ηχογράφηση Gene Harris : The Quartet Live In London .
Αυτόν τον μήνα αναμένουμε την τέταρτη σειρά επανακυκλοφορίας κλασσικών άλμπουμς που την παραγωγή τους έκανε ο Orrin Keepnews , (Keepnews Collection) από την Concord .Οι δίσκοι που θα επανακυκλοφορήσουν είναι οι εξής :
Coleman Hawkins: The Hawk Flies High (1957)
Sonny Rollins: Freedom Suite (1958)
Nat Adderley: Work Song (1960)
Wes Montgomery: Incredible Jazz Guitar (1960)
McCoy Tyner: Gone With the Wind (1976)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Coleman Hawkins: The Hawk Flies High (1957)
Sonny Rollins: Freedom Suite (1958)
Nat Adderley: Work Song (1960)
Wes Montgomery: Incredible Jazz Guitar (1960)
McCoy Tyner: Gone With the Wind (1976)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ο Vicente Montoliu Massana γεννήθηκε στην Βαρκελώνη το 1933 χωρίς να έχει την όραση του .Γιος πνευστού μουσικού συμφωνικής ορχήστρας σε ηλικία 7 ετών άρχισε να μαθαίνει μουσική ενώ από νωρίς κυριεύθηκε από τους ήχους του Duke Ellington .Ο Tete σπούδασε κλασσικό πιάνο στην Ακαδημία της Βαρκελώνης και γρήγορα το ταλέντο του προκάλεσε αίσθηση .Το ενδιαφέρον του για την τζαζ το διέγειρε το γεγονός ότι ο θρυλικός σαξοφωνίστας Don Byas φιλοξενήθηκε για μία περίοδο στο σπίτι του μικρού Montoliu .Σε ηλικία 17 ετών ο Tete Montoliu ήταν ένας τζαζ πιανίστας που οργάνωνε τζαμ σέσιονς στο θέατρο της Βαρκελώνης .Το 1955 είχε την πρώτη του μεγάλη ευκαιρία να περιοδεύσει με την μπάντα του Lionel Hampton και δεν την άφησε να περάσει ηχογραφώντας με την μπάντα τον επόμενο χρόνο .Εξάλλου το ζεστό , ιδιαίτερο , βαθύ αλλά και πνευματώδες παίξιμο του ήταν δύσκολο να περάσει απαρατήρητο .Στις δεκαετίες του ’60 και του ’70 ο Tete καθιερώθηκε ως ένας από τους κορυφαίους Ευρωπαίους μουσικούς της τζαζ παίζοντας μαζί με τους Roland Kirk , Dexter Gordon , Kenny Dorham , Archie Shepp , Ben Webster και άλλους .Για μία περίοδο ήταν ο πιανίστας του θρυλικού Café Montmartre στην Κοπεγχάγη .Με την επιστροφή του στην Ισπανία ξεκίνησε μια σειρά εμφανίσεων και ηχογραφήσεων κατά κανόνα στην Steeplechase κρατώντας την μουσική του φήμη σε υψηλά επίπεδα ενώ ήταν και η πρώτη επιλογή για πολλούς σημαντικούς Αμερικάνους επισκέπτες μουσικούς .Η μοναδική ηχογράφηση σε αμερικάνικη εταιρεία ήρθε το 1979 με ένα εξαιρετικό σόλο άλμπουμ για την Contemporary .Η προσωπική του δισκογραφία περιλαμβάνει περισσότερους από 60 τίτλους όλοι δείγματα υψηλής αισθητικής ενός μοναδικού βιρτουόζου .Ενέταξε στις τζαζ εξερευνήσεις του κλασσικά Ισπανικά μπολερό και λάτιν στοιχεία ενώ κατά καιρούς συνόδευσε και μεγάλες τραγουδίστριες της λάτιν μουσικής .Κλασσική είναι και η δουλειά του βασισμένη στο θέμα «Νύχτες της Καταλονίας» μαζί με τον Albert “Tootie” Heath και τον John Heard. O Tete Montoliu έλαβε τιμητικές διακρίσεις από την χώρα του και έφυγε από την ζωή το 1997.Ο σχεδιαστής Gani Jakupi κυκλοφόρησε το κόμικ Montoliu plays Tete το 2006 αφιερωμένο στον σπουδαίο μουσικό.
Selected Discography :
1965 - A Tot Jazz (Concentric)
1968 - Piano for Nuria (Sabu)
1971 - Lush Life (SteepleChase)
1971 - That's All (SteepleChase)
1971 - Body & Soul (Enja) (live)
1971 - Body & Soul (Black Lion)
1974 - Music for Perla (SteepleChase)
1974 - Tete! (SteepleChase)
1977 - Blues for Myself (Ensayo)
1977 - Catalonian Folksongs (Timeless)
1977 - Yellow Dolphin Street (Timeless)
1977 - Yellow Dolphin Street (Timeless)
1980 - I Wanna Talk About You (SteepleChase)
1986 - 1990 - The Music I Like To Play (vol 1 - 3) (Soul Note)
1990 - The Man From Barcelona (Timeless)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LABEL OF THE MONTH : CLEAN FEED
Clean Feed was founded in 2001. It was born from an urgent need to change the “grey” Portuguese jazz scene and to release the most creative international artists. From the first, Clean Feed set out on a mission to record unsuspected music by recording Portuguese and foreign musicians in separate or cooperative projectsLABEL OF THE MONTH : CLEAN FEED
The label's goal was to use the whole world as its operating ground, taking advantage of the internet revolution and the increasing global music market.
Very quickly, Clean Feed found herself at the vortex of the international creative jazz scene, releasing projects that reached far beyond what was initially imagined. In four years Clean Feed reached the impressive mark of 40 releases, featuring works by such musicians as Steve Swell, Lou Grassi, Ken Filiano, Roy Campbell, Wilber Morris, Will Holshouser, Bernardo Sassetti, Gerry Hemingway, Ellery Eskelin, Ray Anderson, Carlos Barretto, Kevin Norton, Rodrigo Amado, Zé Eduardo, Carlos Zíngaro, Paul Dunmall, Ken Vandermark, Whit Dickey, and Steve Lehman, among others.
2005 has already revealed itself as yet another turning point for the label, with its distribution reaching as far as Japan, the United States, Germany, the UK, Spain, Italy, Poland, Belgium and Switzerland. New artists are joining the rooster including: Michael Blake, Herb Robertson, Joe Morris, Charles Gayle, Rob Brown, Vinny Golia, James Finn, Paul Flaherty, Ravish Momin, Pandelis Karayorgis, Joe Fiedler, Mark Dresser, Bruno Chevillon, Jean-Marc Foltz, George Schuller, Jeff Arnal, Adam Lane, Paal Nilssen-Love.
Clean Feed aims to record innovative contemporary jazz projects that can make a difference, building a catalogue that will be internationally recognized for its quality and coherence.
Made in Lisbon
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNDERRATED JAZZ MUSICIANS : BILL BARRON
"The Thing about coming up in Philly is that all the fellows used to get together quite often.I remember always going over to somebody's apartment or somebody's brother's place , with people like Johnny Coles , Ray Bryant , Jimmy Heath and Calvin Massey , and we'd compare notes"_Bill Barron
O σαξοφωνίστας Bill Barron στην πάνω από σαράντα χρόνια καριέρα του έπαιξε , συνέθεσε και δίδαξε τζαζ επηρεάζοντας σημαντικά αρκετούς μουσικούς αν και το όνομα του παρέμεινε στην αφάνεια σε αντίθεση με αυτό του αδερφού του πιανίστα Kenny Barron . Το τενόρο του και άλλοτε το σοπράνο του σαξόφωνο διάλεγαν πάντα περιπετειώδεις και δύσκολους εκφραστικούς δρόμους όπως εξάλλου συνέβη και με αρκετούς πατριώτες του από την Φιλαδέλφεια όπως ο John Coltrane , ο Archie Shepp , o Jimmy Heath ή ο Benny Golson .Στους μεγάλους της Φιλαδέλφειας λοιπόν πρέπει να ενταχθεί και το όνομα του William Barron Jr .To 1986 μάλιστα ο μουσικοκριτικός Robert Palmer είχε επισημάνει στους New York Times ότι ο Bill Barron ήταν ισότιμος σε αξία με τους προαναφερθέντες .
Φυσικά ένας από τους λόγους που στερήθηκε φήμης ήταν και το γεγονός ότι άργησε να μεταβεί στην Νέα Υόρκη στην οποία πήγε τελικά το 1958 .Ένα πιο ευρύ κοινό τον προσέξε την επόμενη χρονιά μέσω της συνεργασίας του με τον Cecil Taylor .Ηχογράφησε επίσης με τον Philly Joe Jones ενώ μαζί με τον τρομπετίστα Ted Curson είχαν ένα υπέροχο post – bop κουαρτέτο .Ένα άλλο γεγονός που έπαιξε ρόλο στην μη φήμη του ήταν ότι πέρασε μεγάλο καιρό αφιερωμένος στην εκπαίδευση , διδάσκοντας τζαζ σε διάφορες σχολές και πανεπιστήμια στην Νέα Υόρκη .Στην δεκαετία του 70 ηχογράφησε μερικά εξαιρετικά άλμπουμς σε διάφορες ανεξάρτητες εταιρίες (για την Savoy μάλιστα το 1972 έμελε να ηχογραφήσει το τελευταίο τζαζ άλμπουμ της εταιρείας ) .Σε όλες τις ηχογραφήσεις του ως λήντερ χρησιμοποιεί στο πιάνο τον αδερφό του Kenny .To πιάνο το αγαπούσε ιδιαίτερα και ο ίδιος καθώς ήταν το πρώτο όργανο με το οποίο καταπιάστηκε πριν ξεκινήσει το σαξόφωνο .
Φυσικά ένας από τους λόγους που στερήθηκε φήμης ήταν και το γεγονός ότι άργησε να μεταβεί στην Νέα Υόρκη στην οποία πήγε τελικά το 1958 .Ένα πιο ευρύ κοινό τον προσέξε την επόμενη χρονιά μέσω της συνεργασίας του με τον Cecil Taylor .Ηχογράφησε επίσης με τον Philly Joe Jones ενώ μαζί με τον τρομπετίστα Ted Curson είχαν ένα υπέροχο post – bop κουαρτέτο .Ένα άλλο γεγονός που έπαιξε ρόλο στην μη φήμη του ήταν ότι πέρασε μεγάλο καιρό αφιερωμένος στην εκπαίδευση , διδάσκοντας τζαζ σε διάφορες σχολές και πανεπιστήμια στην Νέα Υόρκη .Στην δεκαετία του 70 ηχογράφησε μερικά εξαιρετικά άλμπουμς σε διάφορες ανεξάρτητες εταιρίες (για την Savoy μάλιστα το 1972 έμελε να ηχογραφήσει το τελευταίο τζαζ άλμπουμ της εταιρείας ) .Σε όλες τις ηχογραφήσεις του ως λήντερ χρησιμοποιεί στο πιάνο τον αδερφό του Kenny .To πιάνο το αγαπούσε ιδιαίτερα και ο ίδιος καθώς ήταν το πρώτο όργανο με το οποίο καταπιάστηκε πριν ξεκινήσει το σαξόφωνο .
Ο Bill Baron πέθανε σε ηλικία 62 ετών το 1989 ενώ οι επανεκδόσεις αρκετών ηχογραφήσεων του μας επιτρέπουν να προσεγγίσουμε με πιο ζεστό αυτί έναν μεγάλο αδικημένο μάστερ .
Selected Discography :
1961 - Nebulae (Savoy)
1961 - The Tenor Stylings of Bill Barron (Savoy)
1961 - Modern Windows (Savoy)
1962 - Hot Line (Savoy)
1963 - West Side Story Bossa Nova (Dauntless)
1964 - Now Hear This (Audio)
1972 - Motivation (Savoy)
1978 - Jazz Caper (Muse)
1984 - Variations in Blue (Muse)
1987 - The Next Plateau (Muse)
1989 - Higher Ground (Joken)
2000 - Modern Windows Suite (Savoy)
2001 - Compilation (live) (Cadence Jazz)
2005 - Live at Copi's (SteepleChase)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MOMENT'S NOTICE
5 επιλογές κάθε μήνα από την τζαζ δισκογραφία .Στιγμές από την παλιά ή πρόσφατη Ιστορία που χρήζουν προσοχής .
Pee Wee Russell - Swingin' with Pee Wee (Swingville - 1961)
Η τελευταία δεκαετία της ζωής του εκκεντρικού κλαρινετίστα Pee Wee Russell έμελε να είναι και η πιο τολμηρή του καθώς συμμετείχε σε μοντέρνα σχήματα παίζοντας με φρεσκάδα και θετική ενέργεια .Το “Swingin’ with Pee Wee είναι μια υπέροχη δισκογραφική στιγμή όπου σε δύο χαλαρά , σουινγκάτα ,μποπ σετς ο Pee Wee Russell παίζει με άνεση και φαντασία στο μεσαίο τέμπο χαρίζοντας μαγικές στιγμές .
Etta James - Don't Go To Strangers (Prestige - 1960)
Το ντεμπούτο άλμπουμ της τραγουδίστριας Etta James στην Prestige είναι πραγματικά ένα αριστούργημα φωνητικής τζαζ .Αέρινη , με ασύγκριτη ρυθμική αίσθηση και μπλούζι φρασεολογία η Etta μας μαγεύει και μας οδηγεί σε μία βελούδινη νύχτα .Καταπληκτικός και ο Frank Wess με το φλάουτο του .
Don Cherry - Mu Sessions (Actuel -1969)
Μία εξέχουσα δουλειά στο ιδίωμα της φρη και της αβαντ-γκαρντ μουσικής .Οι ηχογραφήσεις με τον τίτλο Mu είναι από τις σημαντικότερες που γράφτηκαν ποτέ στην φόρμα του αυτοσχεδιαστικού ντουέτου , δουλειές γραμμένες στο απόγειο της φρη αισθητικής , στα τέλη της δεκαετίας του 60.Οι ηχογραφήσεις έγιναν στο Παρίσι και κυκλοφόρησαν από την BYG Actuel ενώ για πολλά χρόνια παρέμειναν δυσεύρετες μέχρι να επανακυκλοφορήσουν σε 2 cd στην δεκαετία του 90.
Don Cherry στα συνηθισμένα πνευστά και Ed Blackwell στα κρουστά.
Rashied Ali - Moon Flight (Knitting Factory) 1975
Η εμφάνιση αυτών των σπάνιων ηχογραφήσεων σε cd μας δίνει την ευκαιρία να επανεξετάσουμε την δουλειά της περιόδου εκείνης ενός μεγάλου μάστερ των κρουστών .Ο Rashied Alli με το εκπληκτικό γκρουπ του παίζει αβαντ γκαρντ αλλά με χαρντ μποπ στοιχεία πάντα υπό το "κολτρεινικό" πνεύμα σε ένα αξιομνημόνευτο σετ που παραμένει φρέσκο ύστερα από 3 δεκαετίες .
Prince Lasha Quintet featuring Sonny Simmons - The Cry! (Contemporary) 1962
Ένα από τα αριστουργήματα της δεκαετίας του 60 .Το δίδυμο Prince Lassa και Sonny Simmons σε ένα τσουχτερό σετ , επιθετικό αλλά όχι άκρατα τραχύ , μια άλλη εκδοχή στις αναζητήσεις των Ornette Coleman και Cecil Taylor .Το φλάυτο του Lasha ενός χαμένου θησαυρού της τζαζ ( εξαφανίστηκε από το προσκήνιο ) και το άλτο του Simmons δένουν μαγικά . Μοναδικό .
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
JAZZ THINK THINK THINK THINK JAZZ THINK THINK THINK JAZZ THINK THINK DO YOU THINK THINK THINK JAZZ DO YOU THING JAZZ
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A guy wanted to play bass in a band.The band told him ,
John Coltrane and Eric Dolphy Answer The Jazz Critics
John Coltrane has been the center of critical controversy ever since he unfurled his sheets of sound in his days with Miles Davis. At first disparaged for his sometimes involved, multinoted solos, Coltrane paid little heed and continued exploring music. In time, his harmonic approach-for the sheets were really rapid chord running, in the main-was accepted, even praised, by most jazz critics.
By the time critics had caught up with Coltrane, the tenor saxophonist had gone on to another way of playing. Coltrane II, if you will, was much concerned with linear theme development that seemed sculptured or torn from great blocks of granite. Little critical carping was heard of this second, architectural, Coltrane.
But Coltrane, an inquisitive-minded, probing musician, seemingly has left architecture for less concrete, more abstract means of expression. This third and present Coltrane has encountered an ever-growing block of criticism, much of it marked by a holy-war fervor.
Criticism of Coltrane III is almost always tied in with Coltrane's cohort Eric Dolphy, a member of that group of musicians who play what has been dubbed the "new thing."
Dolphy's playing has been praised and damned since his national-jazz-scene arrival about two years ago. Last summer Dolphy joined Coltrane's group for a tour. It was on this tour that Coltrane and Dolphy came under the withering fire of Down Beat associate editor John Tynan, the first critic to take a strong-and public-stand against what Coltrane and Dolphy were playing.
In the Nov. 23, 1961, Down Beat, Tynan wrote, "At Hollywood's Renaissance club recently, I listened to a horrifying demonstration of what appears to be a growing anti-jazz trend exemplified by those foremost proponents [Coltrane and Dolphy] of what is termed avant garde music.
"I heard a good rhythm section ... go to waste behind the nihilistic exercises of the two horns. ... Coltrane and Dolphy seem intent on deliberately destroying [swing]. ... They seem bent on pursuing an anarchistic course in their music that can but be termed anti-jazz."
The anti-jazz term was picked up by Leonard Feather and used as a basis for critical essays of Coltrane, Dolphy, Ornette Coleman and the "new Thing" in general in Down Beat and Show.
The reaction from readers to both Tynan's and Feather's remarks was immediate, heated, and about evenly divided.
Recently, Coltrane and Dolphy agreed to sit down and discuss their music and the criticism leveled at it.
One of the recurring charges is that their performances are stretched out over too long a time, that Coltrane and Dolphy play on and on, past inspiration and into monotony.
Coltrane answered, "They're long because all the soloists try to explore all the avenues that the tune offers. They try to use all their resources in their solos. Everybody has quite a bit to work on. Like when I'm playing, there are certain things I try to get done and so does Eric and McCoy Tyner [Coltrane's pianist]. By the time we finish, the song is spread out over a pretty long time.
"It's not planned that way; it just happens. The performances get longer and longer. It's sort of growing that way."
But, goes the criticism, there must be editing, just as a writer must edit his work so that it keeps to the point and does not ramble and become boring.
Coltrane agreed that editing must be done-but for essentially a different reason from what might be expected.
"There are times," he said, "when we play places opposite another group, and in order to play a certain number of sets a night, you can't play an hour and a half at one time. You've got to play 45 or 55 minutes and rotate sets with the other band. And for those reasons, for a necessity such as that, I think it's quite in order that you edit and shorten things.
"But when your set is unlimited, timewise, and everything is really together musically-if there's continuity-it really doesn't make any difference how long you p
4/12/1962 DownbeatBy the time critics had caught up with Coltrane, the tenor saxophonist had gone on to another way of playing. Coltrane II, if you will, was much concerned with linear theme development that seemed sculptured or torn from great blocks of granite. Little critical carping was heard of this second, architectural, Coltrane.
But Coltrane, an inquisitive-minded, probing musician, seemingly has left architecture for less concrete, more abstract means of expression. This third and present Coltrane has encountered an ever-growing block of criticism, much of it marked by a holy-war fervor.
Criticism of Coltrane III is almost always tied in with Coltrane's cohort Eric Dolphy, a member of that group of musicians who play what has been dubbed the "new thing."
Dolphy's playing has been praised and damned since his national-jazz-scene arrival about two years ago. Last summer Dolphy joined Coltrane's group for a tour. It was on this tour that Coltrane and Dolphy came under the withering fire of Down Beat associate editor John Tynan, the first critic to take a strong-and public-stand against what Coltrane and Dolphy were playing.
In the Nov. 23, 1961, Down Beat, Tynan wrote, "At Hollywood's Renaissance club recently, I listened to a horrifying demonstration of what appears to be a growing anti-jazz trend exemplified by those foremost proponents [Coltrane and Dolphy] of what is termed avant garde music.
"I heard a good rhythm section ... go to waste behind the nihilistic exercises of the two horns. ... Coltrane and Dolphy seem intent on deliberately destroying [swing]. ... They seem bent on pursuing an anarchistic course in their music that can but be termed anti-jazz."
The anti-jazz term was picked up by Leonard Feather and used as a basis for critical essays of Coltrane, Dolphy, Ornette Coleman and the "new Thing" in general in Down Beat and Show.
The reaction from readers to both Tynan's and Feather's remarks was immediate, heated, and about evenly divided.
Recently, Coltrane and Dolphy agreed to sit down and discuss their music and the criticism leveled at it.
One of the recurring charges is that their performances are stretched out over too long a time, that Coltrane and Dolphy play on and on, past inspiration and into monotony.
Coltrane answered, "They're long because all the soloists try to explore all the avenues that the tune offers. They try to use all their resources in their solos. Everybody has quite a bit to work on. Like when I'm playing, there are certain things I try to get done and so does Eric and McCoy Tyner [Coltrane's pianist]. By the time we finish, the song is spread out over a pretty long time.
"It's not planned that way; it just happens. The performances get longer and longer. It's sort of growing that way."
But, goes the criticism, there must be editing, just as a writer must edit his work so that it keeps to the point and does not ramble and become boring.
Coltrane agreed that editing must be done-but for essentially a different reason from what might be expected.
"There are times," he said, "when we play places opposite another group, and in order to play a certain number of sets a night, you can't play an hour and a half at one time. You've got to play 45 or 55 minutes and rotate sets with the other band. And for those reasons, for a necessity such as that, I think it's quite in order that you edit and shorten things.
"But when your set is unlimited, timewise, and everything is really together musically-if there's continuity-it really doesn't make any difference how long you p
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
JAZZ QUIZ
1 Who was known as “Little Bird” ?
a. Phil Woods b Jimmy Heath c Frank Morgan d Jackie McLean
2 For who’s life was the basis of the film “Round Midnight” based?
a Dexter Gordon b Charlie Parker c Bud Powell d Chet Baker
3 Where is the infamous North Jazz Sea Festival held?
a Amsterdam b Stockholm c Lucerne d The Hague
4 What instrument plays Anthony Wilson?
a Guitar b Bass c Alto Saxophone d Drums
5 What was Thelonious Monk’s middle name?
a Sphere b Sun c Solar d Prez
6 Who was quoted as saying “ I want to sound like a dry Martini” ?
a Stan Getz b Paul Desmond c Chet Baker d Miles Davis
7 Who wrote the piece “Moanin’”
a Art Blakey b Wayne Shorter c Bobby Timmons d Benny Golson
8 What label was formed by Norman Granz in 1956?
a Concord b Impulse c Verve d Atlantic
9 What Jazz magazine uses the slogan, “America’s Jazz magazine?”
a Jazztimes b Jazziz c Downbeat d Jazz Now
10 Who recorded the album “Blues for Dracula” (Riverside, 1958)?
a Buddy Rich b Philly Joe Jones c Max Roach d Art Blakey
a. Phil Woods b Jimmy Heath c Frank Morgan d Jackie McLean
2 For who’s life was the basis of the film “Round Midnight” based?
a Dexter Gordon b Charlie Parker c Bud Powell d Chet Baker
3 Where is the infamous North Jazz Sea Festival held?
a Amsterdam b Stockholm c Lucerne d The Hague
4 What instrument plays Anthony Wilson?
a Guitar b Bass c Alto Saxophone d Drums
5 What was Thelonious Monk’s middle name?
a Sphere b Sun c Solar d Prez
6 Who was quoted as saying “ I want to sound like a dry Martini” ?
a Stan Getz b Paul Desmond c Chet Baker d Miles Davis
7 Who wrote the piece “Moanin’”
a Art Blakey b Wayne Shorter c Bobby Timmons d Benny Golson
8 What label was formed by Norman Granz in 1956?
a Concord b Impulse c Verve d Atlantic
9 What Jazz magazine uses the slogan, “America’s Jazz magazine?”
a Jazztimes b Jazziz c Downbeat d Jazz Now
10 Who recorded the album “Blues for Dracula” (Riverside, 1958)?
a Buddy Rich b Philly Joe Jones c Max Roach d Art Blakey
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
JAZZ ANECDOTES
A guy wanted to play bass in a band.The band told him ,
"Okay , but you will have to have 1/3 of your brain removed."So, the guy went into surgery.When he woke up , the doctor said , "I'm terribly sorry , but we made a mistake and accidentally removed 3/4's of your brain!"
The guy said , "Uh, that's ok. Got some sticks ?"
A double bass player arrived a few minutes late for the first rehearsal of the local choral society's annual performance of Handel's Messiah. He picked up his instrument and bow , and turned his attention to the conductor.The conductor asked , "Would you like a moment to tune?" The bass player replied with some surprise , "Why? Isn't it the same as last year ?"
The organ is the instrument of worship for in its sounding we sense the majesty of God and in its ending we know the Grace of God
A jazz musician dies and goes to heaven .To his delight , he learns when he gets there that he will be joining the big band .The saxophones are Johnny Hodges , Charlie Parker , Lester Young , Coleman Hawkins and Harry Carney . The trumpets include Miles Davis , Dizzy Gillespie , Louis Armstrong and Roy Eldridge .The trombones are equally great.Papa Jo Jones is on drums , Oscar Pettiford on bass and Art Tatum is on piano .But when he gets to the first rehearsal Gil Evans , the arranger-conductor , pulls him aside and says :"Listen , I just have to warn you about one thing .God has this girlfriend who sings ..."
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------